Herpesvirus Bovino 4 - Historial de revisiones

Ggaitskell en 08:40 25 abr 2012

2012-04-25T08:40:48Z

Ggaitskell en 17:32 27 sep 2011

2011-09-27T17:32:55Z

Ggaitskell: Página creada con 'Also Known As: '''''BHV-4 — Passenger Virus — Movar Virus''''' ==Introduction== BHV-4 is a member of the '''''Herpesvirus''''' causing '''[[:Category:Repr...'

2011-09-11T16:34:00Z

Página creada con 'Also Known As: '''''BHV-4 — Passenger Virus — Movar Virus''''' ==Introduction== BHV-4 is a member of the '''''Herpesvirus''''' causing '''[[:Category:Repr...'

Página nueva

Also Known As: '''''BHV-4 — Passenger Virus — Movar Virus'''''

==Introduction==
BHV-4 is a member of the '''''[[Herpesviridae|Herpesvirus]]''''' causing '''[[:Category:Reproductive Diseases - Cattle|reproductive disease]] in cattle in the form of [[Endometritis - Cattle|endometritis]], vulvovaginits, associated abortion and [[Mastitis|mastitis]]. Most disease is however, subclinical''', hence its common name of “passenger virus”.

The virus '''replicates within mucosal cells and then invades the mononuclear cells''', causing generalised infection and '''crossing the placenta''' to infect the unborn foetus.

==Distribution==
Worldwide, although prevalence varies.

BHV-4 is '''transmitted directly and indirectly via infected materials''' containing mainly respiratory but also genital secretions from infected animals.

==Signalment==
A range of ruminants can be infected, including '''American bison, buffalo, sheep and goats.'''

The virus has also been isolated from lions and cats.

==Clinical Signs==
BHV-4 can cause '''abortion and births of weak or dead lambs, calves and kids'''. It can also increase the incidence of '''retained foetal membranes.'''

In dairy cattle, BHV-4 can cause '''mastitis''' and associated udder lesions and milk changes.

The virus has also been isolated from cases of '''conjunctivitis and [[:Category:Respiratory Diseases - Cattle|respiratory disease]]''' in calves but it is unclear and somewhat doubtful whether it was the responsible pathogen in these cases. The respiratory route is however the main route of transmission of the virus.

As with all [[Herpesviridae|herpesviruses]], BHV-4 can '''undergo latency, often residing in the trigeminal ganglia''' similarly to [[Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis|BHV-1 (IBR)]] and '''recrudescing with stress''' and/or immunosuppression. '''Recovered cattle often become latent carriers'''. Both acute and latent infections are highly prevalent in endemic BHV-4 areas.

==Diagnosis==
BHV-4 can be '''isolated from nasal or vaginal secretions''' or from triturated organs harvested from cows at necropsy.

Viral DNA can be detected by '''PCR.'''

Antibodies to BHV-4 can be detected using '''[[ELISA testing|ELISA]] and Indirect [[Immunofluorescence]]'''. Immunoperoxidase assays are also available.

It must always be considered that presence and positive identification of BHV-4 does not mean that it is responsible for the observed disease.

==Treatment==
No treatment except supportive care is available. Recovered animals are often latent carriers of infection and will shed virus sporadically, providing a source of infection for others.

==Control==
'''Exclusive use of hygienic measures''' can gain control of BHV-4. Seropositive animals should be removed wherever possible due to the high likelihood that they are latent carriers of disease. '''Infected cows that calve should be isolated''' approaching and following parturition, as huge quantities of virus are shed in uterine exudates.

'''Vaccines were developed in the USA''' but are not widely used.

{{Learning
|flashcards = [[Bovine Herpesvirus-4 Flashcards|BHV-4 Flashcards]]
}}

==References==
<references/>

{{CABI source
|datasheet = [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=91720&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 bovine herpesvirus 4] and [http://www.cabi.org/ahpc/?compid=3&dsid=91709&loadmodule=datasheet&page=2144&site=160 bovine herpesvirus 4 infection]
|date = 29 July 2011
}}
<br><br><br>

{{Nick Lyons
|date = 1 September 2011
}}
[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Cattle]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Sheep]][[Category:Herpesviridae]]
[[Category:Nick Lyons reviewed]]

@@ Línea 54: / Línea 54: @@
 |date = 1 September 2011
 }}
-[[Categoría:CABI Expert Review Completed]] [[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ganado Bovino]] [[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ovejas]]
+[[Categoría:Artículos CABI]] [[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ganado Bovino]] [[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ovejas]]

@@ Línea 1: / Línea 1: @@
-Also Known As: '''''BHV-4 — Passenger Virus — Movar Virus'''''
+Tambien conocido como: '''''BHV-4 — Virus Pasajero — Movar Virus'''''
-==Introduction==
+==Introducción==
-BHV-4 is a member of the '''''[[Herpesviridae|Herpesvirus]]''''' causing '''[[:Category:Reproductive Diseases - Cattle|reproductive disease]] in cattle in the form of [[Endometritis - Cattle|endometritis]], vulvovaginits, associated abortion and [[Mastitis|mastitis]]. Most disease is however, subclinical''', hence its common name of “passenger virus”.
+BHV-4 es un miembro del Herpesviridae que causa la enfermedad reproductiva en el ganado bovino en forma de endometritis, vulvovaginitis, el aborto asociado y la mastitis. La mayoría de la enfermedades es, sin embargo, subclínica, de ahí su nombre común de "virus pasajero".
-The virus '''replicates within mucosal cells and then invades the mononuclear cells''', causing generalised infection and '''crossing the placenta''' to infect the unborn foetus.
+==Distribución==
+Mundial, aunque la prevalencia varía.
-BHV-4 is '''transmitted directly and indirectly via infected materials''' containing mainly respiratory but also genital secretions from infected animals.
+Herpesvirus bovino-4 es '''transmitido por vias directas e indirectas a través de materiales infectados''' que contienen principalmente secreciones respiratorias, sino también secreciones genitales de animales infectados.
-==Signalment==
+==Especies Más Afectadas==
-A range of ruminants can be infected, including '''American bison, buffalo, sheep and goats.'''
+Una gama de los rumiantes pueden estar infectados, incluyendo '''bisontes americanos, búfalos, ovejas y cabras'''.
-The virus has also been isolated from lions and cats.
+El virus también ha sido aislado de los leones y los gatos.
-==Clinical Signs==
+==Signos Clínicos==
-BHV-4 can cause '''abortion and births of weak or dead lambs, calves and kids'''. It can also increase the incidence of '''retained foetal membranes.'''
+Herpesvirus bovino-4 puede causar '''aborto y nacimiento de corderos, terneros y cabritos débiles o muertos'''. También puede aumentar la incidencia de la '''retención de la membranas fetales'''.
-In dairy cattle, BHV-4 can cause '''mastitis''' and associated udder lesions and milk changes.
+En el ganado lechero, herpesvirus bovino-4 puede causar '''mastitis''' y lesiones asociadas en la ubre con cambios a la leche.
-The virus has also been isolated from cases of '''conjunctivitis and [[:Category:Respiratory Diseases - Cattle|respiratory disease]]''' in calves but it is unclear and somewhat doubtful whether it was the responsible pathogen in these cases. The respiratory route is however the main route of transmission of the virus.
+El virus también ha sido aislado de casos de '''conjuntivitis y enfermedades respiratorias''' en los terneros, pero no está claro y dudoso tanto si era el patógeno responsable en estos casos. Sin embargo la vía respiratoria es la principal vía de transmisión del virus.
-As with all [[Herpesviridae|herpesviruses]], BHV-4 can '''undergo latency, often residing in the trigeminal ganglia''' similarly to [[Infectious Bovine Rhinotracheitis|BHV-1 (IBR)]] and '''recrudescing with stress''' and/or immunosuppression. '''Recovered cattle often become latent carriers'''. Both acute and latent infections are highly prevalent in endemic BHV-4 areas.
+Al igual que con todos los herpesvirus, el herpesvirus bovino-4 puede someterse a la latencia, a menudo residiendo en los ganglios del trigémino de una manera parecido al herpesvirus bovino-1 (IBR) y con un '''recrudecimiento con el estrés''' y/o inmunosupresión. Después de la recuperación el ganado a menudo se convierten en portadores latentes. Infecciones agudas y latentes son altamente prevalentes en las zonas endémicas.
-==Diagnosis==
+==Diagnóstico==
-BHV-4 can be '''isolated from nasal or vaginal secretions''' or from triturated organs harvested from cows at necropsy.
+Herpesvirus bovino-4 puede ser '''aislado de las secreciones nasales o vaginales''' o de órganos triturados de vacas en la necropsia.
-Viral DNA can be detected by '''PCR.'''
+Se puede detectar ADN viral por PCR.
-Antibodies to BHV-4 can be detected using '''[[ELISA testing|ELISA]] and Indirect [[Immunofluorescence]]'''. Immunoperoxidase assays are also available.
+Los anticuerpos contra el herpesvirus bovino-4 pueden ser detectados mediante ELISA y inmunofluorescencia indirecta. Ensayos de inmunoperoxidasa también están disponibles.
-It must always be considered that presence and positive identification of BHV-4 does not mean that it is responsible for the observed disease.
+Siempre se debe considerar que la presencia y la identificación positiva de herpesvirus bovino-4 no significa que es responsable de la enfermedad observada.
-==Treatment==
+==Tratamiento==
-No treatment except supportive care is available. Recovered animals are often latent carriers of infection and will shed virus sporadically, providing a source of infection for others.
+No existe ningún tratamiento, excepto los tratamientos que releven los síntomas. Los animales recuperados son a menudo portadores de la infección latente y propagan el virus de forma esporádica, proporcionando una fuente de infección para los demás.
 ==Control==
-'''Exclusive use of hygienic measures''' can gain control of BHV-4. Seropositive animals should be removed wherever possible due to the high likelihood that they are latent carriers of disease. '''Infected cows that calve should be isolated''' approaching and following parturition, as huge quantities of virus are shed in uterine exudates.
+Uso exclusivo de las medidas de higiene pueden ayudar a controlar el BHV-4. Se debe quitar animales seropositivos siempre que sea posible debido a la alta probabilidad de que son portadores latentes de la enfermedad. Las '''vacas infectadas que paren deben ser aislados''' con el acercamiento y depues del parto, ya que grandes cantidades de virus se disemina en exudados uterinos.
-'''Vaccines were developed in the USA''' but are not widely used.
+'''Se han desarrollado vacunas en los EE.UU.''' pero no se utilizan habitualmente.
-{{Learning
+==Referencias==
 <references/>
@@ Línea 59: / Línea 54: @@
 |date = 1 September 2011
 }}
-[[Category:CABI Expert Review Completed]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Cattle]] [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Sheep]][[Category:Herpesviridae]]
+[[Categoría:CABI Expert Review Completed]] [[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ganado Bovino]] [[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ovejas]]