Diferencia entre revisiones de «Brucelosis Ovina»
(No se muestran 3 ediciones intermedias del mismo usuario) | |||
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− | También conocida como: ''''' | + | También conocida como: '''''Ram Epididymitis''''' — '''''Orchitis''''' — '''''Ovine Contagious Epididymitis''''' — '''''Brucella ovis Epididymitis'''''. |
− | + | Caused By: ''[[Brucella ovis]]'' and ''[[Brucella melitensis]]'' | |
==Introducción== | ==Introducción== | ||
− | + | Ovine brucellosis causes '''reproductive''' disease in sheep, mainly in '''rams'''. | |
− | ''B. ovis'' | + | ''B. ovis'' is the least virulent of all the [[Brucella species|''Brucella'' species]]. |
− | |||
− | |||
+ | The disease is on List B of the ''Office International des Epizooties'' [http://www.oie.int/ (OIE)] | ||
+ | It is therefore '''notifiable''' to the OIE. | ||
==Características== | ==Características== | ||
− | + | The disease is unique to sheep. | |
==Distribución== | ==Distribución== | ||
− | + | Present in all countries where sheep are intensively farmed. It is transmitted mainly through '''semen''' but shedding is unreliable. | |
− | + | Ewes can also act as indirect vectors for brucellosis if they mate with both an infected and uninfected ram during the same oestrus cycle. | |
− | + | Abortion materials and vaginal discharge also contain [[Brucella species |''Brucella'']] organisms | |
− | + | Brucellosis is not considered zoonotic. | |
==Signos Clínicos== | ==Signos Clínicos== | ||
− | ''' | + | '''Epididymitis''' in rams with '''swelling''' and enlargement of [[Testes and Epididymis - Anatomy & Physiology |'''testes''']], scrotum, [[Penis - Anatomy & Physiology |'''penis''']] and prepuce. Decreased reproductive performance will be noticed due to '''impaired [[Spermatogenesis and Spermiation - Anatomy & Physiology |spermatogenesis]]'''. |
− | + | Testicular '''atrophy''' occurs in chronic infections. | |
− | + | Occasionally also '''abortion''' in ewes and weak lambs. This only occurs due to placental necrosis in ewes exposed in the first two trimesters of pregnancy. | |
==Diagnóstico== | ==Diagnóstico== | ||
− | + | Palpation of the testes is suggestive but not definitive. | |
− | + | Specific '''immunofluorescent''' staining of semen smears is confirmatory. | |
− | + | ''Brucella'' organisms can also be '''isolated''' from the epididymis and accessory sex glands at necropsy, although excretion is intermittent so false negatives are not uncommon. | |
− | [[ELISA|'''ELISA''']] | + | [[ELISA testing |'''ELISA''']] and '''Complement Fixation''' are also commonly used for serological diagnosis. |
==Tratamiento== | ==Tratamiento== | ||
− | + | '''Antibiotic''' therapy is very expensive, prolonged and ineffective. | |
==Control== | ==Control== | ||
− | + | '''Testing and culling''' of breeding stock is essential to ensure carriers are not present within a flock. | |
− | + | Vaccination is available against both ''Brucella'' species, but ''B. ovis'' vaccines are only widely used in New Zealand. | |
− | + | Any vaccination will interfere wih serological diagnosis and this should be considered. | |
{{Learning | {{Learning | ||
− | | | + | |literature search = [http://www.cabdirect.org/search.html?q=title%3A+%28Ovine+Brucellosis%29/ Ovine Brucellosis Publications] |
+ | |||
+ | |flashcards = [[Flashcards - Brucelosis Ovina]] | ||
}} | }} | ||
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[[Categoría:Artículos CABI]][[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ovejas]] | [[Categoría:Artículos CABI]][[Categoría:Enfermedades de Ovejas]] | ||
+ | [[Category:Reproductive Diseases - Sheep]][[Category:Reproductive System - Pathology]] |
Revisión del 08:25 7 may 2012
También conocida como: Ram Epididymitis — Orchitis — Ovine Contagious Epididymitis — Brucella ovis Epididymitis.
Caused By: Brucella ovis and Brucella melitensis
Introducción
Ovine brucellosis causes reproductive disease in sheep, mainly in rams.
B. ovis is the least virulent of all the Brucella species.
The disease is on List B of the Office International des Epizooties (OIE) It is therefore notifiable to the OIE.
Características
The disease is unique to sheep.
Distribución
Present in all countries where sheep are intensively farmed. It is transmitted mainly through semen but shedding is unreliable.
Ewes can also act as indirect vectors for brucellosis if they mate with both an infected and uninfected ram during the same oestrus cycle.
Abortion materials and vaginal discharge also contain Brucella organisms
Brucellosis is not considered zoonotic.
Signos Clínicos
Epididymitis in rams with swelling and enlargement of testes, scrotum, penis and prepuce. Decreased reproductive performance will be noticed due to impaired spermatogenesis.
Testicular atrophy occurs in chronic infections.
Occasionally also abortion in ewes and weak lambs. This only occurs due to placental necrosis in ewes exposed in the first two trimesters of pregnancy.
Diagnóstico
Palpation of the testes is suggestive but not definitive.
Specific immunofluorescent staining of semen smears is confirmatory.
Brucella organisms can also be isolated from the epididymis and accessory sex glands at necropsy, although excretion is intermittent so false negatives are not uncommon.
ELISA and Complement Fixation are also commonly used for serological diagnosis.
Tratamiento
Antibiotic therapy is very expensive, prolonged and ineffective.
Control
Testing and culling of breeding stock is essential to ensure carriers are not present within a flock.
Vaccination is available against both Brucella species, but B. ovis vaccines are only widely used in New Zealand. Any vaccination will interfere wih serological diagnosis and this should be considered.
Referencias
Brucelosis Ovina Entorno de Enseñanza Virtual | |
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Flashcards Comprobar tus conocimientos utilizando preguntas de tipo Flashcard |
Flashcards - Brucelosis Ovina |
Este artículo fue originalmente de The Animal Health & Production Compendium (AHPC) publicado en el web por CABI. Hoja(s) de datos utilizados: brucellosis (Brucella ovis) el 6 June 2011 |
Este artículo ha sido revisado por pares, pero aún no ha sido evaluado por un experto. |
Este artículo ha sido traducido de Inglés por 'Raquel Salero Toranzo' - 20.02.2012. |