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(Página creada con '==Introduction== The soft palate (velum palatine) is located caudally to the hard palate and is composed of muscle. It is involved in tasting food and in [[degl...')
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==Introducción==
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==Introduction==
  
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El paladar blando (velum palatino) se encuentra caudalmente al [[Paladar Duro|paladar duro]] y se compone de músculo. Está implicado en el sabor de la comida y en la [[deglución]].
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The soft palate (velum palatine) is located caudally to the [[Hard Palate|hard palate]] and is composed of muscle. It is involved in tasting food and in [[deglutition]].
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[[Image:Hard and Soft Palate Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Paladar Blando - Copyright University of Nottingham 2008]]
 
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==Estructura y Función==
 
  
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El paladar blando se compone del músculo estriado palatina y tiene una mucosa muy doblada. Esta en contacto con la [[Laringe - Anatomía & Fisiología#Epiglotis|epiglotis]] caudalmente.
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[[Image:Hard and Soft Palate Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Soft Palate - Copyright University of Nottingham 2008]]
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[[Image:Soft Palate XS.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Sección transversal del paladar blando - Copyright RVC]]
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==Structure and Function==
  
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==Musculatura y Inervación==
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The soft palate is made of striated palatine muscle and has very folded mucosa. It contacts the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Epiglottis|epiglottis]] caudally.
  
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El paladar blando transmite sensación y el gusto a través del nervio glosofaríngeo ([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN IX]]).
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[[Image:Soft Palate XS.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Soft Palate Cross-section - Copyright RVC]]
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==Musculature and Innervation==
  
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===Músculo Palatino===
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The soft palate transmits sensation and taste via the glossopharyngeal ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]) nerve.
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El origen del músculo palatino son las crestas transeversales del paladar duro y el sitio de inserción es el paladar blando. El músculo se acorta el paladar y recibe inervación principalemente del nervio vago ([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN X]]) y inervación menor del nervio glossofaringeo (([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN IX]]).
 
  
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===Músculo Tensor Velli Palatini===
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===Palatine muscle===
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El origen del músculo tensor del paladar velli está cerca de la bulla timpánica del [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomía & Fisiología#Hueso Temporal (os temporale)|hueso temporal]]. El sitio de inserción es la aponeurosis lateral. Se tensa el paladar blando.
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The origin of the palatine muscle is the hard palate transeverse ridges and the insertion site is the soft palate. The muscle shortens the palate and recieves major innervation from the vagus nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]) and minor innervation from the glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]). 
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[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Paladar Blando - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
 
  
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===Músculo Elevador Velli Palatini===
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===Tensor velli palatini muscle===
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El origen del músculo elevador del paladar está cerca de la bulla timpánica del hueso temporal. El sitio de inserción es la aponeurosis lateral. Se eleva el paladar blando y recibe su inervación principal del nervio vago ([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN X]])) y menor del nervio glossofaringeo ([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN IX]]).
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The origin of the tensor velli palatini muscle is  near the tympanic bulla on the [[Skull and Facial Muscles - Anatomy & Physiology#Temporal Bone (os temporale)|temporal bone]]. The insertion site is the lateral aponeurosis. It tenses the soft palate.
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[[Image:Pharynx Anatomy.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Soft palate - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota]]
  
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===Músculo Palatofaríngeo===
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===Levator velli palatini muscle===
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El músculo palatofaríngeo se cierra el arco palatofaríngeo, y por lo tanto levanta el paladar blando. Recibe su inervación principal del nervio vago ([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN X]]) y inervación menor del nervio glossofaringeo ([[Nervios Craneales - Anatomía & Fisiología|CN IX]]).
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The origin of the levator velli palatini muscle is near the tympanic bulla on the temporal bone. The insertion site is the lateral aponeurosis. It raises the soft palate and recieves major innervation from the vagus nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]) and minor from the glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]).  
  
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==Histología==
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===Palatopharyngeus muscle===
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[[Image:Soft Palate Mouse.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Paladar Blando (Ratón) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
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The palatopharyngeus muscle closes the palatopharyngeal arch, and therefore lifts the soft palate. It recieves major innervation from the vagus nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN X]]) and minor innervation from the glossopgaryngeal nerve ([[Cranial Nerves - Anatomy & Physiology|CN IX]]).
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El paladar blando contiene la mucosa respiratoria - '''epitelio ciliado pseudoestratificado cilíndrico''' en la superficie aboral. Hay '''epitelio escamoso estratificado''' en la superficie oral. El paladar blando contiene también glándulas [[Glándula Palatina - Anatomía & Fisiología|palatinas]] salivales.
 
  
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==Diferencias Entre las Especies==
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==Histology==
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[[Image:Soft Palate Mouse.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Soft Palate (Mouse) - Copyright RVC 2008]]
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The soft palate contains respiratory mucosa - '''ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium''' on the aboral surface. There is '''stratified squamous epithelium''' on the oral surface. The soft palate also contains [[Palatine Gland - Anatomy & Physiology|palatine]] salivary glands.
  
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===Porcino===
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==Species Differences==
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El paladar blando no entra en contacto con la [[Laringe - Anatomía & Fisiología#Epiglotis|epiglotis]] como el paladar blando porcina se eleva más alto en la [[Cavidad Oral - Resumen - Anatomía & Fisiología|cavidad oral]] que en otras especies.
 
  
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===Equina===
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===Porcine===
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Hay una banda de laringe estrecha alrededor de la entrada de la laringe, entonces el paladar blando no puede ser planteada por largos períodos de tiempo y por lo tanto los caballos son respiradores nasales. También previene el [[Vómito|vómito]].
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The soft palate does not contact the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology#Epiglottis|epiglottis]] as the porcine soft palate is raised higher in the [[Oral Cavity Overview - Anatomy & Physiology|oral cavity ]] than in other species.
  
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===Canino===
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===Equine===
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Como razas braquiocefálico tienen una longitud cráneo reducido, el paladar blando a menudo se puede obstruir el flujo de aire en la [[Laringe - Anatomía & Fisiología|laringe]], causando dificultad para respirar.
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The tight laryngeal cuff around the laryngeal entrance, and therefore the soft palate cannot be raised for long periods of time and thus horses are nasal breathers. Laryngeal cuffing prevents [[Vomiting|vomiting]].
  
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===Aviar===
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===Canine===
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Las aves carecen de un paladar blando.
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As brachiocephalic breeds have a shortened skull length, the soft palate can often obstruct air flow into the [[Larynx - Anatomy & Physiology|larynx]] causing breathing difficulties.
  
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==Enlaces==
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===Avian===
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Haz "clic" aquí para ver los [[Cavidad Oral - Anatomía & Fisiología - Flashcards#Flashcards del Paladar Blando|Flashcards del paladar blando]].
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Birds lack a soft palate.
  
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Haz "clic" aquí para los [[Músculos Faciales_-_Musculoesquelético_-_Flashcards|Flashcards de músculos faciales]].
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==Links==
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Click here for the [[Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology - Flashcards#Soft Palate Flashcards|soft palate flashcards]].
  
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Click here for the [[Facial_Muscles_-_Musculoskeletal_-_Flashcards|facial muscle flashcards]].
  
  
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[[Categoría:Cavidad Oral - Anatomía & Fisiología]]
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[[Category:Oral Cavity - Anatomy & Physiology]]

Revisión del 09:01 5 may 2011

Introduction

The soft palate (velum palatine) is located caudally to the hard palate and is composed of muscle. It is involved in tasting food and in deglutition.

Soft Palate - Copyright University of Nottingham 2008

Structure and Function

The soft palate is made of striated palatine muscle and has very folded mucosa. It contacts the epiglottis caudally.

Soft Palate Cross-section - Copyright RVC

Musculature and Innervation

The soft palate transmits sensation and taste via the glossopharyngeal (CN IX) nerve.

Palatine muscle

The origin of the palatine muscle is the hard palate transeverse ridges and the insertion site is the soft palate. The muscle shortens the palate and recieves major innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) and minor innervation from the glossopgaryngeal nerve (CN IX).

Tensor velli palatini muscle

The origin of the tensor velli palatini muscle is near the tympanic bulla on the temporal bone. The insertion site is the lateral aponeurosis. It tenses the soft palate.

Soft palate - Copyright C.Clarkson and T.F.Fletcher University of Minnesota

Levator velli palatini muscle

The origin of the levator velli palatini muscle is near the tympanic bulla on the temporal bone. The insertion site is the lateral aponeurosis. It raises the soft palate and recieves major innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) and minor from the glossopgaryngeal nerve (CN IX).

Palatopharyngeus muscle

The palatopharyngeus muscle closes the palatopharyngeal arch, and therefore lifts the soft palate. It recieves major innervation from the vagus nerve (CN X) and minor innervation from the glossopgaryngeal nerve (CN IX).

Histology

Soft Palate (Mouse) - Copyright RVC 2008

The soft palate contains respiratory mucosa - ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium on the aboral surface. There is stratified squamous epithelium on the oral surface. The soft palate also contains palatine salivary glands.

Species Differences

Porcine

The soft palate does not contact the epiglottis as the porcine soft palate is raised higher in the oral cavity than in other species.

Equine

The tight laryngeal cuff around the laryngeal entrance, and therefore the soft palate cannot be raised for long periods of time and thus horses are nasal breathers. Laryngeal cuffing prevents vomiting.

Canine

As brachiocephalic breeds have a shortened skull length, the soft palate can often obstruct air flow into the larynx causing breathing difficulties.

Avian

Birds lack a soft palate.

Links

Click here for the soft palate flashcards.

Click here for the facial muscle flashcards.

Obtenido de «https://es.wikivet.net/index.php?title=Paladar_Blando&oldid=359»