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==Introduction==
 
==Introduction==
 
[[Image:Gaboon Viper Skull.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Gaboon Viper - Copyright RVC]]
 
[[Image:Gaboon Viper Skull.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Gaboon Viper - Copyright RVC]]
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Dientes se desarrollan de manera diferente en distintas regiones de la boca en la mayoría de las especies, un proceso llamado '''heterodonty'''. En algunos animales, los dientes se desarrollan de forma idéntica en las diferentes regiones de la boca, un proceso llamado '''homodonty'''. Las diferentes especies tienen diferentes números de dientes y de formas diferentes, dependiendo en gran parte de su dieta. No todas las especies poseen dientes y hay una gran variación en las fórmulas dentales entre las especies que tienen dientes. Los dientes se utilizan principalmente para la [[Masticación|masticación]] - masticar y moler las partículas de alimentos, pero también se utilizan para agarrar la presa y para tirar. La '''superficie de oclusión''' se forma donde los dientes tocan. La superficie de contacto se forma donde los dientes adyacentes tocan.
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Teeth develop differently in different regions of the mouth in most species, a process called '''heterodonty'''. In some animals, teeth develop identically in different regions of the mouth, a process called '''homodonty'''. Different species will have varying numbers of teeth and different shapes depending largely on their diet. Not all species possess teeth and there is huge variation in dental formulae between the species that have teeth. Teeth are mainly used for [[Mastication|mastication]] - chewing and grinding food particles, but are also used for seizing prey and tearing. The '''occlusion surface''' is where opposing teeth touch. The contact surface is where adjacent teeth touch.
  
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==Desarrollo del Diente==
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==Tooth Development==
  
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[[Image:Tooth Development Histology.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Histología del Diente - Copyright RVC 2008]]
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[[Image:Tooth Development Histology.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Tooth Development Histology - Copyright RVC 2008]]
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El desarrollo del diente se produce en las siguientes fases;  
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Tooth development occurs in the following stages;  
  
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1. Engrosamiento focal del epitelio oral en la cara medial del [[Gingiva#Surco Labiogingival|surco labiogingival]] forma la lámina dental.
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1. Focal thickening of oral epithelium on the medial aspect of the [[Gingiva#Labiogingival groove|labiogingival groove]] forms the dental lamina.
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2. El mesénquima se condensa en cada lámina.
 
  
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3. La lámina dental se invagina para formar el brote dental.
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2. The mesenchyme under each laminae condenses.
  
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4. El brote se expande y ramifica para convertirse en el órgano del esmalte.
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3. The dental lamina invaginates to form the dental bud.
  
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5. El órgano del esmalte rodea la papila dental derivada de células de la cresta neural.
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4. The dental bud expands and branches to become the enamel organ.
  
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6. La combinación del órgano del esmalte y la papila dental constituye el diente temporal.
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5. The enamel organ surrounds the neural crest cell derived, dental papilla.
  
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7. Una pequeña masa de células separan de la lámina dental y forman el primordio del diente permanente que continúa el desarrollo.
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6. The combination of the enamel organ and dental papillae forms the deciduous tooth.
  
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8. La capa celular interna del órgano del esmalte (del epitelio oral) se diferencia en [[Organo de Esmalte#Ameloblastos|ameloblastos]].
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7. Small mass of cells bud off the dental lamina forming the primordium of the permanent tooth which continues development.
  
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9. Las células vecinas de las papilas dentales (derivadas de células de la cresta neural) se diferencian en [[Organo de Esmalte#Odontoblastos|odontoblastos]].
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8. The inner cell layer of enamel organ (from oral epithelium) differentiates into [[Enamel Organ#Ameloblasts|ameloblasts]].
  
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10. La dentina rodea la [[Organo de Esmalte#Pulpa Dental|pulpa dental]] para producir la [[Organo de Esmalte#Raíz|raíz]] del diente.
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9. Neighbouring cells in the dental papillae (from neural crest cells) differentiate into [[Enamel Organ#Odontoblasts|odontoblasts]].
  
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11. Las células epiteliales cerca del diente distal forman [[Organo de Esmalte#Cementoblastos|cementoblastos]], que secretan de cemento alrededor de la [[Organo de Esmalte#Raíz|raíz]] del diente.
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10. Dentine surrounds [[Enamel Organ#Pulp|pulp]] to produce the [[Enamel Organ#Root|root]] of the tooth.
  
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Hay una interacción inductiva recíproca entre el epitelio oral y precursores de la mesénquima. La mesénquima forma el diente, tiene propiedades diferenciativas lábiles, pero propiedades estables morfogénicas. Formación de los dientes se inicia en la [[Organo de Esmalte#Corona|corona]] y progresa hacia la [[Organo de Esmalte#Raíz|raíz]]. El diente no adquiere toda su longitud hasta que la corona se ha convertido. Crecimiento de los dientes es aposiciónal.
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11. Epithelial cells near the distal tooth form [[Enamel Organ#Cementoblasts|cementoblasts]], secreting [[Enamel Organ#Cementum|cementum]] around the tooth [[Enamel Organ#Root|root]].
  
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==Erupción==
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There is a reciprocal inductive interaction between the oral epithelium and mesenchyme precursors. The mesenchyme forms the tooth, it has labile differentiative properties but stable morphogenic properties. Tooth formation starts at the [[Enamel Organ#Crown|crown]] and progresses towards the [[Enamel Organ#Root|root]]. The tooth does not acquire full length until the crown has emerged. Tooth growth is appositional.
  
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===Dientes Deciduos===
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==Eruption==
  
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La erupción se produce después de que la [[Organo de Esmalte#Corona|corona]] se ha formado completamente (previo a la formación completa de la [[Organo de Esmalte#Raíz|raíz]]). Se proporciona el espacio necesario para terminacíon de la [[Organo de Esmalte#Raíz|raíz]]. El revestimiento epitelial esta continúa con las encías después de la erupción. La erosión (desgaste) elimina el epitelio. El gen 'sin dientes' detiene la erupción.
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===Deciduous Tooth===
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[[Image:Tooth Radiograph.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Radiografía dental - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
 
  
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===Dientes Permanentes===
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Eruption occurs after the [[Enamel Organ#Crown|crown]] has fully formed (prior to complete [[Enamel Organ#Root|root]] formation). It provides the space required for [[Enamel Organ#Root|root]] completion. The epithelial covering is continuous with gums after eruption. Erosion (wear) removes the epithelium. The 'toothless' gene stops eruption.
  
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El diente emigra a la toma de los dientes deciduos en el lado lingual. Aumenta la presión sobre los dientes deciduos por un crecimiento increcido. La reabsorción de la raíz del diente deciduo conduce a su desprendimiento. A continuación el diente de leche, se pierde y el diente permanente lo sustituye. La pérdida prematura del diente deciduo conduce a la desorganización (sin oclusión) de los dientes permanentes.
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[[Image:Tooth Radiograph.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Tooth Radiograph - Copyright Nottingham 2008]]
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===Permanent Tooth===
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The tooth migrates into the socket of the deciduous tooth on the lingual side. It increases the pressure on the deciduous tooth by increased growth. Resorption of the deciduous tooth root leads to its loosening. The deciduous tooth then sheds and the permanent tooth replaces it. Premature loss of the deciduous tooth leads to disorganised (non-occluding) permanent teeth.
  
 
==Enlaces==
 
==Enlaces==
  
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Haz "clic" aquí para los [[Cavidad Oral - Anatomía & Fisiología - Flashcards#Flashcards de Dientes y Gingiva|Flashcards de dientes y gingiva]].
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Click here for the [[Cavidad Oral - Anatomía & Fisiología - Flashcards#Teeth & Gingiva Flashcards|teeth & gingiva flashcards]].
  
 
[[Categoría:Dientes - Anatomía & Fisiología]]
 
[[Categoría:Dientes - Anatomía & Fisiología]]

Revisión del 07:45 8 may 2011

Introduction

Gaboon Viper - Copyright RVC

Teeth develop differently in different regions of the mouth in most species, a process called heterodonty. In some animals, teeth develop identically in different regions of the mouth, a process called homodonty. Different species will have varying numbers of teeth and different shapes depending largely on their diet. Not all species possess teeth and there is huge variation in dental formulae between the species that have teeth. Teeth are mainly used for mastication - chewing and grinding food particles, but are also used for seizing prey and tearing. The occlusion surface is where opposing teeth touch. The contact surface is where adjacent teeth touch.

Tooth Development

Tooth Development Histology - Copyright RVC 2008

Tooth development occurs in the following stages;

1. Focal thickening of oral epithelium on the medial aspect of the labiogingival groove forms the dental lamina.

2. The mesenchyme under each laminae condenses.

3. The dental lamina invaginates to form the dental bud.

4. The dental bud expands and branches to become the enamel organ.

5. The enamel organ surrounds the neural crest cell derived, dental papilla.

6. The combination of the enamel organ and dental papillae forms the deciduous tooth.

7. Small mass of cells bud off the dental lamina forming the primordium of the permanent tooth which continues development.

8. The inner cell layer of enamel organ (from oral epithelium) differentiates into ameloblasts.

9. Neighbouring cells in the dental papillae (from neural crest cells) differentiate into odontoblasts.

10. Dentine surrounds pulp to produce the root of the tooth.

11. Epithelial cells near the distal tooth form cementoblasts, secreting cementum around the tooth root.

There is a reciprocal inductive interaction between the oral epithelium and mesenchyme precursors. The mesenchyme forms the tooth, it has labile differentiative properties but stable morphogenic properties. Tooth formation starts at the crown and progresses towards the root. The tooth does not acquire full length until the crown has emerged. Tooth growth is appositional.

Eruption

Deciduous Tooth

Eruption occurs after the crown has fully formed (prior to complete root formation). It provides the space required for root completion. The epithelial covering is continuous with gums after eruption. Erosion (wear) removes the epithelium. The 'toothless' gene stops eruption.

Tooth Radiograph - Copyright Nottingham 2008

Permanent Tooth

The tooth migrates into the socket of the deciduous tooth on the lingual side. It increases the pressure on the deciduous tooth by increased growth. Resorption of the deciduous tooth root leads to its loosening. The deciduous tooth then sheds and the permanent tooth replaces it. Premature loss of the deciduous tooth leads to disorganised (non-occluding) permanent teeth.

Enlaces

Click here for the teeth & gingiva flashcards.

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