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Also known as: '''''Blue-eye''''' — '''''BE''''' — '''''Blue Eye Syndrome''''' — '''''Porcine Paramyxovirus Blue Eye Disease''''' — '''''PPBED''''' —  

También conocdia como: '''''Ojo Azul''''' — '''''BE''''' — '''''Síndrome del Ojo Azul''''' — '''''Enfermedad del Ojo Azul por Paramixovirus Porcino''''' — '''''PPBED''''' —  

'''''Porcine Paramyxovirus''''' — '''''Porcine Rubulavirus''''' — '''''Blue Eye Paramyxovirus''''' — '''''BEP''''' — '''''BEPV'''''

'''''Paramixovirus''''' — '''''Rubulavirus Porcino''''' — '''''Paramixovirus del Ojo Azul''''' — '''''BEP''''' — '''''BEPV'''''

{{Taxobox

{{Taxobox

|name              =''Scientific Classification''

|name              =''Scientific Classification''

|sub-order          =

|sub-order          =

|super-family      =

|super-family      =

|family            = [[:Category:Paramyxoviridae|Paramyxoviridae]]

|family            = [[:Categoría:Paramyxoviridae|Paramyxoviridae]]

|sub-family        =

|sub-family        =

|genus              = Rubulavirus

|genus              = Rubulavirus

|species            = Blue-eye paramyxovirus

|species            = Blue-eye paramyxovirus

}}

}}

==Introduction==

==Introducción==

Blue eye disease is caused by the virus '''''Blue-eye paramyxovirus (BEPV)''''', which is a negative sense single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus. It is closely related to the ''Mumps virus'' and ''Simian virus 5'' and is classified under the family [[:Category:Paramyxoviridae|'''''Paramyxoviridae''''']]. The virus is 135-148nm by 257-360nm, has a buoyant density in sucrose gradients of 1.21 g/ml and is considered to be '''polymorphic''' (but mainly spherical). BEPV envelope is covered in surface projections and the envelope nucleocapsid expresses hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion and matrix proteins. The virus consists of six structural proteins  and is '''resistant''' to  '''actinomycin D''' and '''sensitive''' to '''chloroform, formalin''' and '''beta propiolactone'''.

Blue eye disease is caused by the virus '''''Blue-eye paramyxovirus (BEPV)''''', which is a negative sense single stranded RNA (ssRNA) virus. It is closely related to the ''Mumps virus'' and ''Simian virus 5'' and is classified under the family [[:Category:Paramyxoviridae|'''''Paramyxoviridae''''']]. The virus is 135-148nm by 257-360nm, has a buoyant density in sucrose gradients of 1.21 g/ml and is considered to be '''polymorphic''' (but mainly spherical). BEPV envelope is covered in surface projections and the envelope nucleocapsid expresses hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and fusion and matrix proteins. The virus consists of six structural proteins  and is '''resistant''' to  '''actinomycin D''' and '''sensitive''' to '''chloroform, formalin''' and '''beta propiolactone'''.

It causes '''nervous, reproductive''' and '''respiratory signs''' in its domestic host, the pig. The disease is not considered a zoonosis.

It causes '''nervous, reproductive''' and '''respiratory signs''' in its domestic host, the pig. The disease is not considered a zoonosis.

==Signalment==

==Características==

Domestic hosts include dogs, cats and pigs and wild hosts include rabbits, rats, ferral cats and dogs and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peccary Peccary's].  The '''virus only shows clinical signs in pigs''' but antibodies can be detected in rabbits, rats, dogs and cats.  

Domestic hosts include dogs, cats and pigs and wild hosts include rabbits, rats, ferral cats and dogs and [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peccary Peccary's].  The '''virus only shows clinical signs in pigs''' but antibodies can be detected in rabbits, rats, dogs and cats.  

The disease affects '''all age ranges of pigs''' and also causes '''reproductive disorder in the boar'''.

The disease affects '''all age ranges of pigs''' and also causes '''reproductive disorder in the boar'''.

==Clinical Signs==

==Signos Clínicos==

'''Generally''' pigs suffer from '''anorexia''', weight loss, '''reluctance to move''', dehydration, periorbital and conjunctival swelling (chemosis) and '''purulent/serous ocular discharge''' and '''corneal opacity'''.  The virus also causes neurological signs including tetraparesis, opisthotonus, dysmetria, proprioceptive disorders, '''tremors''', nystagmus   

'''Generally''' pigs suffer from '''anorexia''', weight loss, '''reluctance to move''', dehydration, periorbital and conjunctival swelling (chemosis) and '''purulent/serous ocular discharge''' and '''corneal opacity'''.  The virus also causes neurological signs including tetraparesis, opisthotonus, dysmetria, proprioceptive disorders, '''tremors''', nystagmus   

mydriasis, blindness, decreased or absent menace response and respiratory signs; tachypnea, dyspnea, and '''open mouthed breathing'''.

mydriasis, blindness, decreased or absent menace response and respiratory signs; tachypnea, dyspnea, and '''open mouthed breathing'''.

In the boar it causes '''infertility, lack of libido, haemospermia''', and '''orchitis with epidydimitis''' and swelling of the genitals.

In the boar it causes '''infertility, lack of libido, haemospermia''', and '''orchitis with epidydimitis''' and swelling of the genitals.

==Epidemiology==

==Epidemiología==

BEPV is spread via direct contact, fomites and possibly birds. The virus can be found in the '''axon of neurons''' from its original site of replication, which is thought to be the '''nasal mucosa and tonsils'''.  It is also found in tissues such as lung, liver, spleen, kidney, lymph node, heart and testis; suggesting that the virus is spread haematogenously.

BEPV is spread via direct contact, fomites and possibly birds. The virus can be found in the '''axon of neurons''' from its original site of replication, which is thought to be the '''nasal mucosa and tonsils'''.  It is also found in tissues such as lung, liver, spleen, kidney, lymph node, heart and testis; suggesting that the virus is spread haematogenously.

The virus has cytopathic effects on these tissues as causes individual rounded cells, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and syncytium formation, dead cells detachment, which leave small plaques. Viral inclusion bodies can be seen in some cells.

The virus has cytopathic effects on these tissues as causes individual rounded cells, cytoplasmic vacuoles, and syncytium formation, dead cells detachment, which leave small plaques. Viral inclusion bodies can be seen in some cells.

==Distribution==

==Distribución==

The disease appears restricted to '''Central Mexico and its states'''.

The disease appears restricted to '''Central Mexico and its states'''.

==Diagnosis==

==Diagnóstico==

''Blue-eyed disease'' can be diagnosed by a combination of history, above clinical signs, serology, lesions and virus isolation.

''Blue-eyed disease'' can be diagnosed by a combination of history, above clinical signs, serology, lesions and virus isolation.

'''Differential diagnoses''': [[Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome|''PRRS'']] and [[Suid Herpesvirus 1|''Pseudorabies'']].

'''Differential diagnoses''': [[Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome|''PRRS'']] and [[Suid Herpesvirus 1|''Pseudorabies'']].

==Treatment==

==Tratamiento==

There is '''no treatment''' for ''Blue eye disease''. '''Supportive medication''' for respiratory and inflammatory disease should be administered.

There is '''no treatment''' for ''Blue eye disease''. '''Supportive medication''' for respiratory and inflammatory disease should be administered.

==References==

==Referencias==

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